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Total Hardness(GH)

Hardness is a measurement of calcium and magnesium of the water.The GH ideal range is 25-150ppm for most fish.Favourable hardness values are not too high or too low.

Nitrate(NO3)&Nitrite(NO2)

As part of the nitrogen cycle in your aquarium organic material that contains nitrogen, such as fish waste and uneaten food, along with dissolved waste excreted directly by the fish, degrades to produce nitrite (NO2) and finally nitrate (NO3) occur and may accumulate.

NO2 in concentrations greater than 1 mg/L and if present for extended periods, is harmful to your fish and could over time lead to the loss of your fish.

NO3 in concentrations greater than 50 mg/L is harmful to sensitive fish and additionally promotes algae growth. It will highly distress your fish and affect the growth of young fish.

When nitrite or nitrate concentrations are too high, carry out a partial water change.

Free Chlorine(Cl2)

Free chlorine is a halogen chemical element,Concentrated levels of chlorine kill fish and aquatic life-forms. It is harmful to fish, damaging their gills and skin.

Total Alkalinity&Carbonate (KH)

Total alkalinity measures the amount of alkaline substances (bicarbonate and carbonate) in your water. Ideal range is between 40-120 mg/L.Carbonate stabilizes pH in the water.If the KH drops below 40ppm,the pH will also start to drop.

pH

pH is measurement of acidity or alkalinity of fish water. 

A pH value between 6.5 and 8.5 will be tolerated by most freshwater fish species. However, ideal pH ranges are species dependent.